The brand new bifactor design was first tested to possess configural invariance and you will attained appropriate design complement [Equivalent means design: ? ( 84 ) 2 = , p dos /df = step one.76, CFI = 0.94, RMSEA = 0.06], proving that Parszywa Dwunastka had the same foundation build in the one another measurements. Next, in the a test away from metric invariance, most of the factor loadings was in fact restricted to be equivalent across organizations [Comparable loadings model: ? ( 104 ) dos = , p 2 /df = step 1.64, CFI = 0.94, RMSEA = 0.05]paring brand new unconstrained (we.elizabeth., Comparable means design) while the restricted (i.elizabeth., Similar loadings model) models yielded a trivial effects [ ? ? ( 20 ) 2 = , p = 0.293, NFI = 0.02, TLI = ?0.02], and therefore verifies metric (weak) invariance otherwise, put simply, measurement equality in the factor loadings. age., Equivalent intercepts design: ? ( 116 ) dos = , p 2 /df = step one.55, CFI = 0.94, RMSEA = 0.05]parison from the model that have Equivalent loadings design produced zero high alter [ ? ? ( twelve ) dos = 9.13, p = 0.692, NFI = 0.01, TLI = ?0.01], confirming scalar (strong) invariance. Fundamentally, we limited structural covariances to get equivalent round the specifications [i.e., Comparable covariances design: ? ( 120 ) 2 = , p 2 /df = step 1.54, CFI = 0.94, RMSEA = 0.05] ultimately causing a beneficial nonsignificant research influence (we.age., Equivalent covariances up against Comparable intercepts) [ ? ? ( 4 ) 2 = 4 . 81 , p = 0.307, NFI 2 .
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Machiavellianism correlated positively with psychopathy, r(176) = 0.48, p ? ( 42 ) 2 = , p 2 /df = 2.00, CFI = 0.99, RMSEA = 0.04] fit the data well. Because this sample was our largest across five studies, we present results in Figure 1 (lower row of numbers).
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In a single-factor ANOVA we found a significant effect of social value orientation on the Dark Triad composite. Consistent with prior work, Dark Triad scores differed across social value orientation, F(3, 630) = , p 2 = 0.05. They were significantly lower for those classified as prosocial than those classified as an individualist (p p 2 = 0.04) or a competitor (p p 2 = 0.03).
Sex Differences
Men scored higher than women on the Parszywa Dwunastka scales of Machiavellianism, Mf = 2.08, SDf = 0.84, vs. Mm = 2.43, SDm = 0.93, t(632) = ?4.92, p 3 . On the next day participants came to lab to complete more measures, including a measure of utilitarianism modeled on Bartels and Pizarro (2011) and Glenn et al. (2010). Last, participants were thanked and debriefed.
Steps
Professionals completed the newest Parszywa Dwunastka. Once more, the fresh scale showed high enough to a great interior consistencies (Machiavellianism ? = 0.83, psychopathy ? = 0.74, narcissism ? = 0.78).
Psychological and you may intellectual aspects of empathy was counted which have Empathic Sensitiveness Survey (ESQ; Kazmierczak et al., 2007). ESS was an effective twenty-eight-items multidimensional product considering Davies’ idea and modeled into his Directory regarding Interpersonal Reactivity. It uses a great 5-area Likert reaction structure. The latest cognitive part of empathy try represented by the Perspective Providing subscale (nine products), if you find yourself the psychological aspect is actually portrayed by a few subscales: Personal Stress (8 items) and you will Empathic Concern (11 situations). The inner consistencies of subscales are acceptable (0.80, 0.83, and you can 0.72, respectively).
Brand new measure of practical and you can deontological choice during the moral difficulties is actually modeled on Bartels and Pizarro (2011). We operating about three classic reports popular in the ethical cognition look (Kids, Surgery/Transplant, and Spelunkers). After studying the text out-of a dilemma, each fellow member is expected to guage if the protagonist’s action try ethically permissible; and you will, professionals answered which have possibly a good “Yes” or an excellent “No”. Since the step from the condition constantly inside it injuring people to establish an elevated a good (saving many) a certainly impulse indicated a very practical ethical wisdom. A second question expected participants so you can speed its confidence regarding their address on the an effective eight-part Likert reaction size off “most undecided” to help you “really specific”. Each fellow member we joint reaction study plus the certainty study into an element varying because of the coding “yes” responses just like the step 1 and you can “no” answers as the ?1, and you can multiplying because of the certainty critiques (0–7) (cf. Glenn et al., 2010). We calculated an average of them ratings around the the problems (the overall ? = 0.54 towards the Warren escort service three-items size).